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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

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Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
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Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

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Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
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Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions

186
The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
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Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

1.6K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
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Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine
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Endocrine system dysfunction and chronic heart failure: a clinical perspective.

Giuseppe Lisco1, Vito Angelo Giagulli1, Michele Iovino1

  • 1Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", School of Medicine, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy.

Endocrine
|October 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Chronic heart failure (CHF) patients often have comorbid endocrine disorders like thyroid dysfunction and hypogonadism. Evaluating these conditions may improve patient outcomes, but more research on endocrine treatments is needed.

Keywords:
Chronic heart failureGrowth hormone deficiencyHypothyroidismMale hypogonadismMenopauseSyndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic heart failure (CHF) is associated with increased healthcare utilization and mortality.
  • Comorbid conditions significantly influence CHF progression and outcomes.
  • Endocrine disorders are frequently observed in CHF patients, particularly those with reduced ejection fraction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine common endocrine disorders in CHF patients.
  • To assess the risks and epidemiological burden of these comorbidities.
  • To discuss the potential role of endocrine treatment in managing CHF.

Main Methods:

  • Review of common endocrine disorders in chronic heart failure patients.
  • Analysis of risks and epidemiological data.
  • Discussion of potential endocrine treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Thyroid dysfunction is common in CHF, sometimes drug-induced (e.g., amiodarone).
  • Hypogonadism (male and female) frequently coexists, worsening CHF prognosis.
  • Growth hormone deficiency may contribute to myocardial development issues and CHF predisposition.

Conclusions:

  • Screening for endocrine disorders in CHF patients is recommended, especially with high suspicion.
  • Limited data exist on the long-term safety and effectiveness of endocrine treatments in CHF.
  • The impact of endocrine interventions on hard endpoints in CHF requires further investigation.