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Donor derived leukemia in allogeneic transplantation.

Ibrahim Aldoss1, Mary Clark2, Guido Marcucci3

  • 1Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.

Leukemia & Lymphoma
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PubMed
Summary

Donor-derived leukemia (DDL) is a rare complication following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT). This review explores DDL

Keywords:
Donorallogenicleukemia

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Transplantation Medicine

Background:

  • Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) offers a curative treatment for hematological malignancies.
  • A rare but serious complication is donor-derived leukemia (DDL), originating from donor stem cells, not patient relapse.
  • DDL is challenging to diagnose due to potential lineage overlap with the original malignancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of donor-derived leukemia (DDL).
  • To discuss the incidence, diagnosis, etiology, prognosis, and treatment strategies for DDL.
  • To highlight the need for better understanding of donor and recipient factors in DDL development.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article.
  • Literature search on donor-derived leukemia following alloHCT.
  • Synthesis of existing data on DDL incidence, diagnosis, causes, outcomes, and management.

Main Results:

  • DDL is an underdiagnosed complication of alloHCT.
  • It can occur with any stem cell source and donor type.
  • Prognosis for DDL is generally poor due to prior treatments and transplant.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding DDL's incidence, diagnosis, and etiology is critical.
  • Further research into donor and recipient factors is needed to mitigate DDL risk.
  • Standardized treatment approaches for DDL are currently lacking.