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[Combat gunshot skull and brain injuries]
Sh Kh Gizatullin1, A V Stanishevskiy1, D V Svistov2
1Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia.
Zhurnal Voprosy Neirokhirurgii Imeni N. N. Burdenko
|October 29, 2021
Summary
Modern combat gunshot head wounds are severe and highly lethal, accounting for significant casualties. Understanding wound patterns is crucial for effective treatment strategies and preventive measures in armed conflicts.
Area of Science:
- Trauma Surgery
- Military Medicine
- Neurosurgery
Background:
- Modern armed conflicts (2014-2020) resulted in over 800,000 deaths.
- Gunshot head wounds constitute 37.4% of surgical casualties in contemporary warfare.
- These injuries present a high mortality rate, necessitating updated treatment approaches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze treatment strategies for combat-related gunshot head injuries.
- To examine the characteristics of surgical interventions for these injuries.
- To review literature data from 2014 to 2020 on combat head trauma.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of PubMed and eLibrary databases.
- Keywords included: head gunshot wound, traumatic brain injury, combat trauma, wartime injury.
- Analysis of 24 publications (reviews, original articles, case reports) from 2014-2020.
Main Results:
- Craniocerebral wounds are a leading cause of mortality in gunshot injuries.
- Prevalence of bullet wounds over splinter wounds was observed.
- Publications focused on conflicts in Syria, Ukraine, Iraq, and Afghanistan.
Conclusions:
- Gunshot craniocerebral injuries are a severe consequence of modern warfare with high mortality.
- Changes in conflict dynamics alter wound structures and treatment needs.
- Data on incidence and structure are vital for care planning and prevention.
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