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Updated: May 13, 2026

Simultaneous Multicolor Imaging of Biological Structures with Fluorescence Photoactivation Localization Microscopy
Published on: December 9, 2013
Photoactivatable Fluorescent Dyes with Hydrophilic Caging Groups and Their Use in Multicolor Nanoscopy
Alexey N Butkevich1, Michael Weber2, Angel R Cereceda Delgado1,2
1Department of Optical Nanoscopy, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Abstract:
We propose a series of fluorescent dyes with hydrophilic carbamate caging groups that undergo rapid photoactivation under UV (≤400 nm) irradiation but do not undergo spurious two-photon activation with high-intensity (visible or infrared) light of about twice the wavelength. The caged fluorescent dyes and labels derived therefrom display high water solubility and convert upon photoactivation into validated super-resolution and live-cell-compatible fluorophores. In combination with popular fluorescent markers, multiple (up to six)-color images can be obtained with stimulated emission depletion nanoscopy. Moreover, individual fluorophores can be localized with precision <3 nm (standard deviation) using MINSTED and MINFLUX techniques.
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