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Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization01:24

Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization

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Left heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the left side of the heart. It is generally performed to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions such as valve abnormalities, coronary artery disease, and congenital heart defects.Diagnostic and therapeutic purposesLeft heart catheterization serves various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Assessing coronary artery bypass grafts.Evaluating coronary artery disease in...
268
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

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The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
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Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Assessment of the Cardiovascular System IV: Auscultation01:25

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System IV: Auscultation

857
Cardiac auscultation is a clinical skill used to assess heart function and detect abnormalities. It involves listening to heart sounds at specific anatomical locations through a stethoscope.
Normal Heart Sounds
S1 (First Heart Sound)-
S1 is made by the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves (atrioventricular valves), marking the beginning of systole.
S2 (Second Heart Sound)-
S2 is made by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves (semilunar valves), marking the end of the systole.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
08:10

Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

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Left atrial function analysis in patients in sinus rhythm, normal left ventricular function and indeterminate

Ibrahim Marai1,2, Matan Shimron1,2, Lynne Williams3

  • 1The Lidya and Carol Kittner, Lea and Benjamin Davidai Cardiovascular Division, Poriya Medical Center, Lower Galilee, Israel.

The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
|October 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Left atrial function analysis using echocardiography can help re-classify patients with indeterminate diastolic function. This assessment aids in distinguishing between normal diastolic function and definite diastolic dysfunction, improving diagnostic accuracy.

Keywords:
Cardiac functionEchocardiographyHeart failureLeft atrial mechanicsLeft ventricular diastolic dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Cardiac Physiology

Background:

  • Diastolic function assessment by echocardiography can be indeterminate.
  • Left ventricular filling evaluation requires precise diastolic function measurement.
  • Left atrial function's role in indeterminate diastolic function is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the contribution of left atrial (LA) function to left ventricle filling assessment in patients with indeterminate diastolic function (IndtDFx).
  • To determine if LA function analysis can help re-classify patients with IndtDFx.
  • To compare LA function parameters between normal diastolic function (NDFx), definite diastolic dysfunction (DDFx), and IndtDFx groups.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study including NDFx, DDFx, and IndtDFx groups (n=67) with preserved ejection fraction (≥45%) and sinus rhythm.
  • Diastolic function assessed using mitral E', E/E' ratio, LA maximal volume index, and pulmonary pressure.
  • LA function analyzed using 2D speckle tracking echocardiography.

Main Results:

  • The IndtDFx group exhibited heterogeneous LA phasic function parameters, with some similar to DDFx and others falling between NDFx and DDFx.
  • Phasic LA minimal volume index correlated with heart failure symptoms.
  • IndtDFx patients showed clinical and echocardiographic profiles resembling the DDFx group.

Conclusions:

  • Left atrial phasic function analysis offers potential for re-classifying patients with indeterminate diastolic function.
  • This analysis may help differentiate between actual diastolic dysfunction and normal function in ambiguous cases.
  • LA function assessment provides valuable insights for refining diastolic function diagnosis.