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Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis infected with the Providencia stuartii: a case report and literature review
Zhunan Xu1,2, Tong Cai1,2, Xuebao Zhang2
1Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
Background:
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare and severe chronic inflammatory disease of the renal parenchyma, which is most commonly associated with super-infections by bacteria such as E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, and occasionally Pseudomonas species.
Case Presentation:
Herein, we present a rare case of a patient with XGP infected with Providencia stuartii. Initially, the patient refused nephrectomy and underwent holmium laser lithotripsy and right ureteral stenting, followed by meropenem treatment of 7 days. Relapse occurred in the third month after discharge from the hospital, due to which she underwent a radical nephrectomy.
Discussion:
The diagnosis of XGP is confirmed by histopathology. The standard treatment for XGP is antibiotic therapy and radical nephrectomy, but partial nephrectomy may be appropriate in select cases.
Insights
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare kidney inflammation. This case highlights a successful radical nephrectomy for XGP caused by Providencia stuartii after initial treatment failure.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pathology
Background:
- Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare, severe chronic inflammatory kidney disease.
- It is commonly linked to bacterial super-infections, including E. coli and Proteus species.
Observation:
- A rare case of XGP caused by Providencia stuartii infection is presented.
- Initial management included laser lithotripsy, ureteral stenting, and antibiotics, but the patient relapsed.
Findings:
- The patient ultimately required radical nephrectomy due to disease relapse.
- Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of XGP.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of considering unusual pathogens in XGP.
- Effective management of XGP may necessitate timely surgical intervention, such as nephrectomy, alongside antibiotic therapy.
