Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

49.4K
Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
49.4K
The Eukaryotic Promoter Region02:40

The Eukaryotic Promoter Region

3.3K
3.3K
Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

3.3K
3.3K
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

25.0K
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
25.0K
Eukaryotic Transcription Activators02:42

Eukaryotic Transcription Activators

11.4K
Transcription activators are proteins that promote the transcription of genes from DNA to RNA. In most cases, these proteins contain two separate domains ‒ a domain that binds to DNA and a domain for activating transcription; however, in some cases, a single domain is responsible for both binding and activation of transcription, as seen in the glucocorticoid receptor and MyoD.
The binding domains are capable of recognizing and interacting with regulatory sequences on the DNA. These...
11.4K
Eukaryotic Evolution01:24

Eukaryotic Evolution

38.4K
The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
38.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A functional map of phosphoprotein phosphatase regulation identifies an evolutionarily conserved reductase for the catalytic metal ions.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Monoallelic POLR3A Variants Cause Early-Onset Peripheral Neuropathy.

Annals of neurology·2026
Same author

A Non-Canonical Role of SMAD4 in Regulating 3D Genome Architecture to Inhibit Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Development.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

Systematic discovery of motif-based interactions of the auxiliary domains of USP family deubiquitinases.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Uncovering cancer dependencies in peptide-interacting protein pockets.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Negative design enables cell-free expression and folding of designed transmembrane β-barrels.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Eukaryotic Polyribosome Profile Analysis
09:16

Eukaryotic Polyribosome Profile Analysis

Published on: June 15, 2010

52.8K

The Eukaryotic Linear Motif resource: 2022 release.

Manjeet Kumar1, Sushama Michael1, Jesús Alvarado-Valverde1,2

  • 1Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany.

Nucleic Acids Research
|October 31, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The Eukaryotic Linear Motif (ELM) resource, vital for studying protein interactions, has been updated with new short linear motif (SLiM) data. This update enhances understanding of cell processes and infectious disease mechanisms.

More Related Videos

Using SCOPE to Identify Potential Regulatory Motifs in Coregulated Genes
07:55

Using SCOPE to Identify Potential Regulatory Motifs in Coregulated Genes

Published on: May 31, 2011

10.5K
An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
09:37

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

Published on: July 12, 2022

3.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 15, 2025

Eukaryotic Polyribosome Profile Analysis
09:16

Eukaryotic Polyribosome Profile Analysis

Published on: June 15, 2010

52.8K
Using SCOPE to Identify Potential Regulatory Motifs in Coregulated Genes
07:55

Using SCOPE to Identify Potential Regulatory Motifs in Coregulated Genes

Published on: May 31, 2011

10.5K
An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
09:37

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

Published on: July 12, 2022

3.6K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Bioinformatics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The Eukaryotic Linear Motif (ELM) resource is a key database for motif-mediated protein-protein interactions.
  • Keeping the ELM resource updated with newly discovered short linear motifs (SLiMs) is crucial but challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report on the latest update of the ELM resource.
  • To detail the newly added and revised motif classes and instances.
  • To highlight the relevance of SLiMs in cell regulation and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Manual curation of experimentally validated SLiMs from scientific literature.
  • Addition of novel motif classes and instances.
  • Revision of existing motif classes.

Main Results:

  • The ELM resource now contains 317 motif classes and 3934 motif instances.
  • 30 new motif classes and five revised classes were added.
  • 411 new motif instances were incorporated, focusing on cell cycle, cytoskeleton, membrane trafficking, phase separation, and integrin signaling.
  • Newly annotated interactions reveal pathogen mimicry relevant to infectious diseases.

Conclusions:

  • The updated ELM resource continues to be an invaluable tool for researchers studying protein interactions.
  • The new data provides insights into fundamental biological processes and pathogen-host interactions.
  • Ongoing updates are essential for maintaining the resource's relevance and comprehensiveness.