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Knowledge embedded.

Dirk Kindermann1

  • 1Institute of Philosophy, Universität Wien, Universitätsring 1, 1010 Vienna, Austria.

Synthese
|November 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study challenges invariantism in epistemology, arguing that contextual variability in knowledge claims requires more than just pragmatic explanations. It introduces a threefold problem of embedded implicatures for understanding knowledge sentences in complex linguistic contexts.

Keywords:
Context-sensitivityEmbedded implicaturesEpistemic contextualismImplicaturesKnowledgePragmatic invariantism

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Area of Science:

  • Epistemology
  • Philosophy of Language
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Philosophical accounts of knowledge often grapple with contextual variability.
  • Invariantism proposes that contextual factors influencing knowledge claims are purely pragmatic, not semantic.
  • This view leaves the semantic meaning of 'know that' context-independent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To challenge the invariantist division of labor in explaining contextual variability of knowledge claims.
  • To demonstrate the inadequacy of pragmatic invariantism in accounting for embedded knowledge constructions.
  • To introduce and analyze the threefold problem of embedded implicatures.

Main Methods:

  • Argumentative analysis of philosophical theories of knowledge.
  • Examination of embedded occurrences of 'S knows/doesn't know that p' within various linguistic constructions.
  • Development of a critique of pragmatic invariantism.

Main Results:

  • Pragmatic invariantism fails to provide a principled account of embedded knowledge claims.
  • Embedded occurrences of knowledge constructions present a threefold problem of implicatures.
  • Contextual variability in knowledge claims has semantic implications beyond pragmatics.

Conclusions:

  • The invariantist account of knowledge claims is insufficient.
  • A more nuanced theory is needed to explain the context-sensitivity of 'know that' in embedded constructions.
  • The threefold problem of embedded implicatures highlights limitations in current invariantist approaches.