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Related Concept Videos

Constant Volume Calorimetry02:41

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Calorimeters are useful to determine the heat released or absorbed by a chemical reaction. Coffee cup calorimeters are designed to operate at constant (atmospheric) pressure and are convenient to measure heat flow (or enthalpy change) accompanying processes that occur in solution at constant pressure. A different type of calorimeter that operates at constant volume, colloquially known as a bomb calorimeter, is used to measure the energy produced by reactions that yield large amounts of heat and...
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When objects at different temperatures are placed in contact with each other but isolated from everything else, they attain thermal equilibrium. A container that prevents heat transfer in or out is called a calorimeter, and the use of a calorimeter to make measurements is called calorimetry. Generally, these measurements involve heat or specific heat capacity. The term "calorimetry problem" is used for any problem where the specified objects are thermally isolated from their...
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Background identification in cryogenic calorimeters through delayed coincidences.

O Azzolini1, J W Beeman2, F Bellini3,4

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Summary

This study introduces a new method using delayed coincidences from Thorium and Uranium decay chains to pinpoint radioactive contamination in ZnSe crystals for ultra-low background experiments.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Experimental Particle Physics
  • Radiochemistry

Background:

  • Ultra-low background experiments require precise identification and modeling of radioactive contamination.
  • Distinguishing between surface and bulk contamination is crucial for detector background reduction and scientific data integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present an innovative technique for localizing radioactive contaminations within ZnSe crystals.
  • To apply this method to investigate contaminations in the CUPID-0 experiment's detectors.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of alpha-gamma delayed coincidences within Thorium and Uranium decay chains.
  • Utilizing the position-dependent probability of tagging delayed coincidences to differentiate contamination types.

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed a method to distinguish between surface and bulk radioactive contaminations.
  • Demonstrated the technique's effectiveness in the context of the CUPID-0 experiment's ZnSe crystals.

Conclusions:

  • The delayed coincidence analysis provides an effective tool for radioactive contamination localization in sensitive detectors.
  • This technique aids in improving detector performance and scientific output for ultra-low background physics experiments.