Correlation Between High Serum Ferritin Level and Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Endocrinology
• Nutritional Science

Background:

• Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a significant global health concern during pregnancy.
• Elevated serum ferritin levels are increasingly associated with GDM development.
• Iron metabolism, particularly heme iron, may influence pancreatic beta-cell function and insulin resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the association between high maternal serum ferritin levels and gestational diabetes mellitus.
• To explore the role of iron biomarkers in GDM development.
• To investigate the impact of heme iron intake on GDM risk.

Main Methods:

• A systematic review of articles from MEDLINE, PubMed, and PMC databases.
• Selection and quality appraisal of 10 relevant studies using the JBI Critical Appraisal tool.
• Measurement and analysis of serum iron biomarkers, including ferritin, iron, and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR).

Main Results:

• High maternal serum ferritin levels are significantly associated with an increased risk of developing GDM.
• Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) and serum hepcidin show potential as biomarkers for monitoring high ferritin.
• A positive correlation exists between high heme iron intake and gestational diabetes mellitus.

Conclusions:

• Elevated serum ferritin is a key factor in the pathogenesis of GDM.
• Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms and identify at-risk populations.
• Monitoring iron status and intake may be crucial for GDM prevention and management.