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Association of Ethnicity With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Related to SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An

Judith G Middelburg1, Thomas E M Crijnen2, Lorenzo D'Antiga3

  • 1Department of Medical Science, Middelburg Solutions, Oegstgeest, Netherlands.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|November 1, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Black children face a significantly higher risk of developing multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study quantifies this increased risk compared to White children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a serious condition linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Previous observations suggest a disproportionate number of Black children among MIS-C cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the association between non-White ethnic backgrounds and the risk of developing COVID-19-related MIS-C in pediatric populations.
  • To compare the relative risk of MIS-C in Black, Asian, and other non-White children versus White children.

Main Methods:

  • A collaborative study involving eight research groups contributed MIS-C cases potentially related to SARS-CoV-2.
  • Data from 73 cases across nine geographical regions formed the primary analysis.
  • Sensitivity analyses included literature data, and analyses were stratified by region.

Main Results:

  • Black children exhibited a significantly elevated relative risk (15-fold) of developing MIS-C post-SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to White children.
  • Asian children also showed an increased relative risk (11-fold), while other ethnic backgrounds had a smaller, non-significant increase (1.6-fold).
  • The findings were consistent across different geographical regions.

Conclusions:

  • The risk of developing COVID-19-related MIS-C is substantially higher in Black children.
  • Healthcare providers, particularly pediatricians, must be aware of this heightened risk and consider it in clinical assessments.
  • Further research may explore underlying biological or socioeconomic factors contributing to this disparity.

Keywords:
COVID-19MIS-CPIMSSARS-CoV2ethnicity

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