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Related Concept Videos

Heterochromatin02:38

Heterochromatin

15.0K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
15.0K
Euchromatin01:01

Euchromatin

7.9K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions take up more dye, appearing darker, while the less-compact areas take up less dye and appear lighter. Based on the compaction level, chromatins are classified into two primary forms – euchromatin and heterochromatin.
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
7.9K
Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

9.9K
Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
9.9K
Chromatin Packaging02:21

Chromatin Packaging

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Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base-pairs of DNA. Each base-pair is 0.34 nm long, which means that each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. How is such a long DNA strand packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10 - 20 microns in diameter? 
The chromatin
In combination with specialized DNA binding protein called Histones, the DNA double helix forms a compact DNA: protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin itself is further compacted into higher-order...
17.3K
Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

8.7K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
8.7K
Condensins02:15

Condensins

3.8K
Condensins are large protein complexes that use ATP to fuel the assembly of chromosomes during mitosis. They transform the tangled, shapeless mass of post-interphase DNA into individualized chromosomes by compacting, organizing, and segregating chromosomal DNA.
The plant and animal cells contain two types of condensin complexes—condensin I and condensin II. Both complexes have five subunits: two SMC (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes) subunits, a kleisin subunit, and two HEAT-repeat...
3.8K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 14, 2025

Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique
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Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique

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Tau Stabilizes Chromatin Compaction.

Thomas Rico1, Melissa Gilles1, Alban Chauderlier1

  • 1Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU-Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S1172, Alzheimer and Tauopathies, Lille, France.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|November 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microtubule-associated protein Tau (Tau) hinders anti-cancer drug efficacy in breast cancer by binding to histones, preventing gene expression and chromatin remodeling. This reveals Tau

Keywords:
Tau protein (Tau)cancer biologychromatin regulationchromatin remodelinghistone (de)acetylationhistone deacetylase inhibitor (HDAC inhibitor)histone modification and chromatin structure

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Microtubule-associated protein Tau (Tau) is implicated in chromatin functions across various cell types.
  • The precise mechanisms of Tau's role in chromatin remain largely unelucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of Tau in chromatin organization and its impact on anti-cancer treatments.
  • To determine how Tau influences gene expression and chromatin structure in response to histone deacetylase inhibitors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized breast cancer cell lines to study Tau expression and its effects.
  • Investigated Tau's interaction with core histones (H3 and H4) under varying post-translational modification states.
  • Assessed the impact of Tau on histone deacetylase inhibitor-induced gene expression and chromatin remodeling.

Main Results:

  • Tau expression confers resistance to histone deacetylase inhibitors in breast cancer cells by blocking drug-induced gene expression.
  • Tau directly binds to core histones, with affinity modulated by histone acetylation.
  • Tau interaction with histones prevents further post-translational modifications and maintains a compact chromatin structure.

Conclusions:

  • Tau functions as a novel chromatin reader, influencing chromatin structure and gene expression.
  • Tau's interaction with histones contributes to therapeutic resistance in cancer.
  • Targeting Tau-histone interactions may offer new therapeutic strategies for cancer and neurological disorders.