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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 14, 2025

An Inertial Measurement Unit Based Method to Estimate Hip and Knee Joint Kinematics in Team Sport Athletes on the Field
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Knee Extensor Morphology and Sprint Performance in Preadolescent Sprinters.

Nobuaki Tottori1, Tadashi Suga1, Tadao Isaka1

  • 1Ritsumeikan University.

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport
|November 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quadriceps femoris muscle volume is key for young sprinters. Larger muscle size, not moment arm length, significantly improves sprint performance in preadolescent athletes.

Keywords:
Quadriceps femoris muscle volumejoint torqueknee extensor moment armmagnetic resonance imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Pediatric Physiology

Background:

  • Previous research indicated a correlation between quadriceps femoris cross-sectional area and sprint performance in preadolescent sprinters.
  • This suggests a link between knee extensor morphology and sprint capabilities in young athletes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between quadriceps femoris muscle volume (MV) and knee extensor moment arm (MA) with sprint performance in preadolescent sprinters.
  • To determine which morphological factor, MV or MA, is more critical for sprint success in this age group.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to measure quadriceps femoris MV and knee extensor MA in 15 sprint-trained preadolescent boys.
  • Sprint performance was assessed via personal best 100-m sprint time and 50-m sprint velocity.

Main Results:

  • Both quadriceps femoris MV and knee extensor MA showed significant correlations with 100-m sprint time and 50-m sprint velocity.
  • Relative quadriceps femoris MV (normalized to body mass) was significantly correlated with sprint performance metrics.
  • Relative knee extensor MA (normalized to body height) did not show significant correlations with sprint performance.

Conclusions:

  • Quadriceps femoris muscle size is a more critical morphological determinant of sprint performance than knee extensor moment arm length in preadolescent sprinters.
  • These findings highlight the importance of muscle hypertrophy for enhancing speed in young athletes.