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Updated: Oct 14, 2025
Isolation of Circulating Tumor Cells in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Colorectal Cancer
Published on: July 18, 2017
[Tumor budding in colorectal cancer-Information for clinical use and instructions for practical evaluation]
Felix Müller1, Alessandro Lugli2, Heather Dawson2
1Institut für Pathologie, Universität Bern, Murtenstraße 31, 3008, Bern, Schweiz. felix.mueller@pathology.unibe.ch.
Background:
Some patients with high-risk colorectal cancer show a worse prognosis within the same UICC stage. Therefore, the identification of additional risk factors is necessary to find the best treatment for these patients.
Objective:
In which settings can tumor budding help the clinical decision-making process for treatment planning and how should scoring be performed?
Material And Methods:
Evaluation of current publications on tumor budding with an emphasis on practical grading and potential problems in the determination of tumor budding.
Results:
Tumor budding is a significant risk factor for worse clinical outcome of colorectal cancer and can influence clinical decision-making in pT1 and stage II colorectal cancer. A scoring method was standardized by the ITBCC 2016 and is feasible in everyday practice. Challenges in assessment can be addressed by increasing awareness of potential problem cases.
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