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A comprehensive review of vascular complications in COVID-19

Yogesh Acharya1, Aqeel Alameer2, Gavin Calpin3

  • 1Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Western Vascular Institute, University Hospital Galway, National University of Ireland, Newcastle Road, H91 YR71, Galway, Ireland.

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis
|November 1, 2021
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 causes systemic inflammation and a hypercoagulable state, leading to vascular complications like thrombosis. More research is needed on managing these vascular issues and anticoagulation strategies for better patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology

Background:

  • COVID-19 is associated with systemic inflammation and a procoagulant state.
  • Vascular complications, including thrombosis and endothelial dysfunction, are frequently observed in COVID-19 patients.
  • Dysfunctional coagulation pathways are evident, yet large-scale studies on vascular complications are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing literature on vascular complications in COVID-19.
  • To highlight the need for specialized studies and clear management guidelines for COVID-19-associated vascular issues.
  • To emphasize the importance of understanding pathogenesis, epidemiology, and outcomes for risk stratification and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search using PubMed and Google Scholar.
  • Identification of relevant studies based on the objective of reviewing vascular complications in COVID-19.
  • Analysis of reported data on inflammation, coagulation, and thrombotic events.

Main Results:

  • Multiple studies confirm widespread inflammation and a hypercoagulable state in COVID-19.
  • Reported complications include thrombotic microangiopathy, endothelial dysfunction, bleeding disorders, and thrombosis.
  • Hypercoagulability and vascular complications are significant predictors of patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for large, specialized studies on COVID-19 vascular complications.
  • Definitive recommendations for thromboprophylaxis and anticoagulation in COVID-19 are lacking.
  • Understanding these vascular issues is crucial for effective risk stratification and patient management.

Keywords:
Blood coagulation disorders, reviewCOVID-19Vascular complications

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