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Related Concept Videos

Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

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Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets....
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Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

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Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.2K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
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Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

9.8K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
9.8K
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Updated: Oct 14, 2025

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Magnetism and Its Structural Coupling Effects in 2D Ising Ferromagnetic Insulator VI3.

Zhong Lin1, Bevin Huang1, Kyle Hwangbo1

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.

Nano Letters
|November 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Vanadium triiodide (VI3) thin films exhibit robust ferromagnetism, with Curie temperature increasing in thinner layers. This suggests coupled magnetic and structural properties in van der Waals magnets.

Keywords:
2D materialCurie temperaturemagnetstacking

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Magnetism

Background:

  • Van der Waals (vdW) magnets offer tunable platforms for studying layer-dependent magnetic phenomena.
  • Vanadium triiodide (VI3) is a layered ferromagnetic Mott insulator in bulk form.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the thickness-dependent magnetism of VI3.
  • To explore the relationship between magnetic and structural properties in VI3.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetic circular dichroism microscopy to probe magnetism.
  • Second harmonic generation measurements to detect broken inversion symmetry.

Main Results:

  • Robust ferromagnetism observed down to the monolayer limit with large coercive fields.
  • Anomalous increase in Curie temperature with decreasing layer number, reaching 60 K in monolayers.
  • Broken inversion symmetry detected in exfoliated VI3 flakes (down to trilayers), indicating altered layer stacking.

Conclusions:

  • Exfoliated VI3 flakes exhibit unique magnetic properties distinct from the bulk.
  • A coupling between magnetic and structural degrees of freedom is suggested in VI3.
  • VI3 holds potential for engineering layer and twist angle-dependent magnetic phenomena.