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Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
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Monitoring Spatial Segregation in Surface Colonizing Microbial Populations
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Bacterial Filamentation Drives Colony Chirality.

Andrés Aranda-Díaz1, Cecilia Rodrigues2,3, Alexandra Grote1

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Stanford Universitygrid.168010.e, Stanford, California, USA.

Mbio
|November 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacterial colony chirality, a pinwheel pattern in Escherichia coli, is not directly caused by single-cell twisting. Instead, colony chirality is linked to cell division regulation and cell elongation, influencing macroscale spatial patterning.

Keywords:
A22MreBanaerobic growthcell wallcephalexinchiralitycolony growthpeptidoglycantemperaturetwisting

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biophysics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Chirality is prevalent in nature, impacting biological systems from the molecular to the multicellular level.
  • The emergence of macroscopic chirality in bacterial colonies, such as the pinwheel patterns in Escherichia coli, is not fully understood.
  • The relationship between single-cell behaviors and colony-level chirality remains an open question.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanistic basis of colony chirality in Escherichia coli.
  • To determine the link between single-cell twisting and the observed pinwheel patterns in expanding colonies.
  • To explore how environmental and genetic factors influence colony chirality.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized chemical and genetic manipulations to alter cell width and division in Escherichia coli.
  • Observed colony expansion patterns under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.
  • Investigated the effects of temperature and cell filamentation on colony chirality.

Main Results:

  • Colony chirality was abolished, not reversed, when single-cell twisting was altered.
  • Colony chirality was affected by anaerobic growth independently of single-cell twisting.
  • Colony chirality correlated with cell filamentation and was enhanced by inhibiting cell division.

Conclusions:

  • Colony chirality in Escherichia coli is primarily regulated by cell division processes, not solely by single-cell twisting.
  • Inhibition of cell division can accentuate or even induce chirality in bacterial colonies.
  • Cell division regulation provides a mechanism for controlling macroscale spatial patterning in bacterial populations.