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Treatment patterns and control of hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): a cross-sectional study

Jia Li Liu1, Christian A Pineau1,2,3, Louis-Pierre Grenier1,2

  • 1Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

BMJ Open
|November 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension is common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Uncontrolled blood pressure was more frequent in Caucasian patients and those with higher BMI, but better controlled in patients with renal damage.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Rheumatology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Hypertension (HTN) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular and renal disease in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  • Understanding HTN treatment patterns and control rates in SLE is crucial for managing comorbidities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe HTN treatment patterns in SLE patients.
  • To evaluate the prevalence of uncontrolled HTN based on Canadian and American guidelines.
  • To identify factors associated with uncontrolled HTN in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted on 108 SLE patients on HTN medication from the McGill Lupus Clinic registry (January 2017 - May 2019).
  • Uncontrolled HTN was defined using Canadian and American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines (BP >140/90 mm Hg or >130/80 mm Hg).
  • Multivariate logistic regression analyzed associations between uncontrolled HTN and factors including BMI, SLE duration, disease activity, renal damage, and medication use.

Main Results:

  • Among 108 SLE patients on HTN medication, 39.8% had BP >140/90 mm Hg and 66.7% had BP >130/80 mm Hg.
  • Uncontrolled HTN (>130/80 mm Hg) was significantly associated with Caucasian ethnicity (OR 2.72) and higher BMI (OR 1.08).
  • Patients with renal damage showed better HTN control (OR 0.39), suggesting a protective effect.

Conclusions:

  • Caucasian patients and those with higher BMI are more likely to have uncontrolled HTN in SLE.
  • The observed better HTN control in patients with renal damage is encouraging, highlighting the importance of blood pressure management for renal protection in SLE.
Abstract

Keywords:
epidemiologyhypertensionprotocols & guidelinesrheumatology

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