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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Grapevine pips reveal past viticulture. Morphological analysis of modern pips allows inferring properties of ancient grape varieties, reconstructing grape diversity and history.

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Area of Science:

  • Archaeobotany
  • Ancient DNA Studies
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Grapevine pips are crucial for understanding past viticulture.
  • Previous studies relied on comparisons with modern varieties to interpret archaeological findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for inferring ancient grapevine properties directly from pip morphology.
  • To analyze the largest modern grapevine pip reference collection to date.
  • To reconstruct spatio-temporal dynamics of grape diversity and viticulture history.

Main Methods:

  • State-of-the-art morphological analyses of modern grapevine pips.
  • Testing for costructure between pip form and destination use, geographical origins, and molecular labels.
  • Application of developed models to archaeobotanical remains from Mas de Vignoles XIV.

Main Results:

  • Significant structuring found between pip form and use, origin, and population labels.
  • Direct inference of ancient grapevine properties is now possible without modern parallels.
  • Analysis of Mas de Vignoles XIV remains revealed a shift from table to wine grapes and from eastern to western origins between the Late Iron Age and Middle Ages.

Conclusions:

  • Morphological analysis of grapevine pips offers a powerful tool for understanding viticulture history.
  • The study provides a novel method for direct inference of ancient grape variety characteristics.
  • Results from Mas de Vignoles XIV demonstrate significant shifts in grape cultivation over time.