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Apoplectic leiomyomas: does ethnicity make a difference? a clinicopathologic study.

Bradley M Turner1, Stewart F Cramer2, Debra S Heller3

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY, 14620, USA. bradley_turner@urmc.rochester.edu.

Virchows Archiv : an International Journal of Pathology
|November 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Apoplectic leiomyomas, often mistaken for cancer, are linked to hormonal therapy, ethnicity, and age. This study highlights key factors for accurate diagnosis in women with uterine leiomyomas.

Keywords:
AgeApoplecticBMIEthnicityHormonalLeiomyomaSmoking

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic pathology
  • Reproductive endocrinology

Background:

  • Apoplectic leiomyomas exhibit benign morphologic changes that can mimic uterine leiomyosarcomas.
  • The association between apoplectic leiomyomas, hormonal therapy, and demographic factors requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between hormonal therapy, ethnicity, and age in the occurrence of apoplectic leiomyomas.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 869 women with uterine leiomyomas.
  • Comparison of apoplectic leiomyoma incidence based on hormonal therapy exposure, specific hormonal agents, ethnicity, and age groups.

Main Results:

  • Hormonal therapy significantly increased the likelihood of apoplectic leiomyomas (23.3% vs. 13.2%).
  • Specific hormonal therapies (ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone, leuprolide, medroxyprogesterone) showed higher associations.
  • African-American women (28.9%) and women ≤45 years (22.1%) had a significantly higher incidence, independent of hormone use.

Conclusions:

  • Hormonal therapy, ethnicity (African-American), and younger age (≤45 years) are significant factors associated with apoplectic leiomyomas.
  • This information is crucial for improving the diagnostic interpretation of apoplectic leiomyomas, differentiating them from uterine leiomyosarcomas.