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Geospatial inequality of anaemia among children in Ethiopia

Bilal Shikur Endris1, Geert-Jan Dinant2, Seifu H Gebreyesus1

  • 1School of Public Health, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa. bilalshikur10@gmail.com.

Geospatial Health
|November 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Childhood anaemia is a major health issue in Ethiopia, affecting 57% of children. Spatial analysis revealed hotspots in eastern Ethiopia, with higher anaemia risk in these clusters.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Geospatial Analysis

Background:

  • Anaemia is a significant public health concern for children in Ethiopia.
  • Targeted interventions require understanding the spatial distribution and risk factors of childhood anaemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the geospatial distribution of childhood anaemia in Ethiopia.
  • To identify anaemia hotspots and associated risk factors for targeted public health interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016 data from 9268 children (6-59 months).
  • Applied Kulldorf's spatial scan statistics (SaTScanTM), Local Indicator of Spatial Association, and Getis-Ord Gi* statistics.
  • Conducted multilevel multivariable analysis to identify risk factors for anaemia clustering.

Main Results:

  • 57% of children aged 6-59 months in Ethiopia were anaemic.
  • Significant geospatial inequality in anaemia prevalence was observed, with identified clusters in eastern Ethiopia.
  • Children within identified clusters had 1.5 times higher odds of anaemia. Maternal anaemia, stunting, and high fertility were associated with anaemia clustering.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood anaemia exhibits significant geospatial inequality in Ethiopia, necessitating geographically targeted interventions.
  • Maternal anaemia, child stunting, and high fertility are key risk factors associated with anaemia clustering.
  • Spatial analysis provides crucial insights for developing effective, localized strategies to combat childhood anaemia in Ethiopia.

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