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Poorly Differentiated Scrotal Carcinoma With Apocrine Immunophenotype
Sonia Kamanda1, Jonathan I Epstein1,2,3, Adeboye O Osunkoya4,5
1Departments of Pathology.
The American Journal of Dermatopathology
|November 2, 2021
Summary
This study describes six rare cases of poorly differentiated scrotal carcinoma with apocrine features. Immunohistochemistry confirmed apocrine markers, and most patients presented with advanced disease and metastases.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Dermatopathology
- Urologic Pathology
Background:
- Cutaneous scrotum carcinoma is rare, typically squamous cell carcinoma.
- Poorly differentiated carcinoma with apocrine immunophenotype is exceptionally uncommon.
- This study investigates six such rare cases.
Observation:
- Patients presented with varied scrotal masses and eczematous changes.
- Tumors showed solid cords/nests of eosinophilic cells without clear apocrine morphology.
- Immunohistochemistry revealed positivity for GCDFP-15, GATA3, CK7, AR, and mammaglobin.
Findings:
- Apocrine immunophenotype was confirmed in all six cases.
- Eighty-three percent of patients had metastases at diagnosis.
- Prognosis was poor, with two deaths within two years and widespread metastases.
Implications:
- Diagnosis can be challenging due to lack of morphologic apocrine features.
- Immunohistochemistry is crucial for identifying apocrine differentiation.
- These findings highlight a rare, aggressive scrotal malignancy requiring specific diagnostic and therapeutic considerations.
