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Recent advances in PTP1B signaling in metabolism and cancer

Olga Villamar-Cruz1,2, Marco A Loza-Mejía3, Luis E Arias-Romero2

  • 1Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología-Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico.

Bioscience Reports
|November 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is crucial in regulating cell signaling. This enzyme links to type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cancer, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Signaling
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Protein tyrosine phosphorylation is a key post-translational modification regulating eukaryotic cell signaling.
  • Aberrant phosphorylation is implicated in metabolic disorders and cancer.
  • Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), once viewed as tumor suppressors, are now recognized for their critical role in cancer progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular mechanisms of PTP1B in diabetes, obesity, and cancer.
  • To highlight PTP1B's role in insulin and leptin signaling.
  • To discuss PTP1B as a therapeutic target.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of molecular and cellular studies.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways regulated by PTP1B.
  • Examination of PTP1B's role in disease pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • PTP1B regulates insulin and leptin signaling, linking it to type 2 diabetes and obesity.
  • PTP1B promotes cancer development by activating pro-survival pathways.
  • Misregulation of PTP1B activity is critical in cancer progression.

Conclusions:

  • PTP1B plays a significant role in cellular processes underlying diabetes, obesity, and cancer.
  • PTP1B is a promising therapeutic target for these diseases.
Keywords:
CancerProtein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1BReceptor Tyrosine KinaseSignalingSmall molecule inhibitor

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