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Chemical reactions often occur in a stepwise fashion, involving two or more distinct reactions taking place in a sequence. A balanced equation indicates the reacting species and the product species, but it reveals no details about how the reaction occurs at the molecular level. The reaction mechanism (or reaction path) provides details regarding the precise, step-by-step process by which a reaction occurs.
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The rate of reaction is the change in the amount of a reactant or product per unit time. Reaction rates are therefore determined by measuring the time dependence of some property that can be related to reactant or product amounts. Rates of reactions that consume or produce gaseous substances, for example, are conveniently determined by measuring changes in volume or pressure.
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Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
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The Open Reaction Database.

Steven M Kearnes1, Michael R Maser2, Michael Wleklinski3

  • 1Relay Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Open Reaction Database (ORD) provides a standardized structure for chemical reaction data, overcoming barriers to machine learning applications. This open-access initiative aims to advance computer-aided synthesis and reaction prediction.

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Area of Science:

  • Chemistry
  • Data Science
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Chemical reaction data is often unstructured across various sources like journals and lab notebooks.
  • This lack of standardization hinders downstream applications, particularly in training machine learning models for chemistry.
  • Existing data formats present significant barriers to accessing and utilizing valuable chemical reaction information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the Open Reaction Database (ORD), an open-access schema and infrastructure.
  • To standardize the storage and sharing of organic reaction data.
  • To facilitate advanced computational chemistry applications through accessible data.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an open-access schema for structuring organic reaction data.
  • Established a centralized data repository for chemical reactions.
  • Made the schema, data, supporting code, and user interfaces publicly available on GitHub.
  • Ensured the schema supports diverse experimental technologies, including high-throughput and flow chemistry.

Main Results:

  • The Open Reaction Database (ORD) schema and infrastructure are now publicly available.
  • The ORD supports a wide range of chemical reaction types and experimental setups.
  • A centralized repository for structured organic reaction data has been established.
  • Publicly accessible code and interfaces facilitate data utilization and contribution.

Conclusions:

  • A consistent data representation and sharing infrastructure are crucial for advancing predictive chemistry.
  • The ORD is expected to significantly improve computer-aided synthesis planning and reaction prediction.
  • This initiative aims to enhance the state of the art in computational chemistry tasks through open data access.