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A Blockchain-Based Dynamic Consent Architecture to Support Clinical Genomic Data Sharing (ConsentChain):

Faisal Albalwy1,2,3, Andrew Brass1,3, Angela Davies3

  • 1Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Blockchain technology enhances genomic data sharing by enabling secure, dynamic patient consent. ConsentChain, a proof-of-concept, demonstrates efficient and scalable data access for rare genetic disease diagnosis.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Genomics and Bioinformatics
  • Blockchain Technology
  • Data Security and Privacy

Background:

  • Sharing rare genetic disease information is crucial for variant interpretation and diagnosis.
  • Data governance and security concerns hinder effective genomic data sharing.
  • Blockchain offers a potential solution for secure genomic data exchange.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore blockchain's role in clinical genomic data sharing.
  • To describe a blockchain-based dynamic consent architecture.
  • To present ConsentChain, a proof-of-concept implementation, and evaluate its performance.

Main Methods:

  • Requirements gathered from patient forums to address security and consent issues.
  • ConsentChain developed on Ethereum using smart contracts for patient, data creator, and requester interactions.
  • Performance analysis based on transaction processing volume.

Main Results:

  • ConsentChain, a blockchain system with a web portal, facilitates clinical genomic data sharing.
  • Patients can manage data access permissions dynamically; requesters can query and access off-chain data.
  • An ontology model was developed for machine-readable consent elements, automating access processes.

Conclusions:

  • Blockchain and smart contracts offer efficient, scalable dynamic consent for genomic data sharing.
  • These technologies can overcome significant barriers to genomic data exchange.
  • Further work is needed, especially on user credential verification, before practical deployment.