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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
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Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

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Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

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Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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Impaired left ventricular systolic function assessed by endocardial global longitudinal strain imaging in cats with restrictive cardiomyopathy.

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A Doxorubicin-Induced Murine Model of Dilated Cardiomyopathy In Vivo
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Screening for dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs.

G Wess1

  • 1Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, LMU University, Veterinärstrasse 13, Munich, 80539, Germany.

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology : the Official Journal of the European Society of Veterinary Cardiology
|November 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Early screening for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in large breed dogs is crucial. Annual Holter monitoring and echocardiography are recommended starting at age three for effective DCM detection and management.

Keywords:
24-h-ECGB-type natriuretic peptideEchocardiographySimpson's method of discsTroponin

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Cardiology
  • Canine Health

Background:

  • Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most prevalent cardiac condition in large breed dogs.
  • DCM can manifest initially as arrhythmias or myocardial systolic dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline screening methodologies for DCM across diverse dog breeds.
  • To introduce a revised staging system for DCM.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Holter monitoring for early detection of ventricular premature complexes (VPCs), with specific thresholds for diagnosis.
  • Employing echocardiographic techniques including M-mode, Simpson's method of discs (SMOD), and E-point to septal separation (EPSS).
  • Considering cardiac biomarkers and electrocardiogram (ECG) findings.

Main Results:

  • Holter monitoring is advised for Boxers and Dobermans starting at three years old, with potential utility in other breeds.
  • Healthy dogs typically exhibit fewer than 50 VPCs in 24 hours; over 100 VPCs/24h suggests DCM.
  • Yearly screening is essential due to the progressive nature of DCM.

Conclusions:

  • The review proposes guidelines for DCM screening in various canine breeds.
  • Annual screening using Holter monitoring and echocardiography is recommended for early DCM detection and management.