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Metastasis

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...

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Updated: Oct 14, 2025

Modeling Primary Bone Tumors and Bone Metastasis with Solid Tumor Graft Implantation into Bone

Modeling Primary Bone Tumors and Bone Metastasis with Solid Tumor Graft Implantation into Bone

Published on: September 9, 2020

Brain Metastasis in Soft Tissue Sarcoma at Initial Presentation.

Ryo Itoga¹, Masatake Matsuoka², Tomohiro Onodera¹

¹Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.

Anticancer Research

|November 4, 2021

Summary

Brain metastasis is rare in soft tissue sarcoma (STS), occurring in 0.6% of patients. Screening is recommended for those with deep-rooted, trunk tumors, high-grade histology, or specific subtypes like alveolar soft part sarcoma.

Keywords:

SEER program Soft tissue sarcoma brain metastasis mortality neoplasm grading retrospective study secondary surgery soft tissue sarcoma treatment outcome

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Last Updated: Oct 14, 2025

Modeling Primary Bone Tumors and Bone Metastasis with Solid Tumor Graft Implantation into Bone

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Published on: September 9, 2020

A Mouse Model of Incompletely Resected Soft Tissue Sarcoma for Testing Neoadjuvant Therapies

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Published on: July 28, 2020

Establishment of a Primary Culture of Patient-derived Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Establishment of a Primary Culture of Patient-derived Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Published on: April 11, 2018

Area of Science:

Oncology
Medical Research
Cancer Epidemiology

Background:

Brain metastasis is an uncommon complication in soft tissue sarcoma (STS).
The exact incidence and predictive factors for brain metastasis in STS patients are not well-established.
Accurate identification of at-risk patients is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the incidence of brain metastasis at initial presentation in STS patients.
To identify specific histological subtypes of STS associated with a higher risk of brain metastasis.
To investigate clinical and pathological risk factors for developing brain metastasis in STS.

Main Methods:

Utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to identify STS patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2015.
Analyzed the incidence of brain metastasis at initial diagnosis.
Examined associations between histological subtypes, tumor characteristics (location, grade), and brain metastasis development.

Main Results:

Out of 26,676 STS patients, 162 (0.6%) presented with brain metastasis.
Higher incidences were observed in alveolar soft part sarcoma (6.3%), malignant hemangioendothelioma (3.1%), and malignant schwannoma (2.6%).
Risk factors included deep tumor location, trunk tumors, and high histological grade.

Conclusions:

Deep-seated tumors, trunk location, and high histological grade are significant risk factors for brain metastasis in STS.
Certain histological subtypes, including alveolar soft part sarcoma, malignant hemangioendothelioma, and malignant schwannoma, warrant closer monitoring for brain metastasis.
These findings aid in developing targeted screening protocols for STS patients at higher risk of brain metastasis.