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Massive Cerebral Air Embolism Causing Stroke Secondary to Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Abderrahmane Bouaggad1, Mohammed Moussaoui2, Omar Abassi1
1Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Darsalam Clinic of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco.
Summary
Pulmonary tuberculosis, a rare cause of stroke, can lead to cerebral air embolism. This case highlights the risk of stroke in patients with lung cavities during severe coughing.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Pulmonology
- Radiology
Background:
- Cerebral air embolism is an uncommon cause of stroke.
- Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is rarely associated with cerebral air embolism.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a rare case of cerebral air embolism secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis.
- To discuss the link between pulmonary TB cavities and cerebral air embolism.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a 55-year-old male with sudden loss of consciousness after severe cough.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed ischemic stroke due to cerebral air embolism.
- Thoracic scan revealed pulmonary tuberculosis with a parenchymal cavity.
Main Results:
- The patient presented with ischemic stroke attributed to cerebral air embolism.
- Pulmonary tuberculosis with a parenchymal cavity was identified as the likely source.
- Severe coughing likely precipitated the air embolism event.
Conclusions:
- Pulmonary tuberculosis, particularly with cavities, poses a risk for cerebral air embolism.
- Patients with intrapulmonary TB cavities require careful management and counseling regarding risks during increased thoracic pressure.
- Surgical repair of TB cavities may be considered to mitigate embolism risk.
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