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Updated: Oct 14, 2025
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Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level
Published on: April 23, 2016
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Enterovirus Infection Restricts Long Interspersed Element 1 Retrotransposition
Yan Li1, Siyu Shen1, Haoran Guo1,2
1Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Frontiers in Microbiology
|November 4, 2021
Summary
Enteroviruses EV-D68 and EV-A71 inhibit the movement of Long Interspersed Element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) retrotransposons in the human genome. Specific viral proteins block L1 activity, revealing a novel host-pathogen interaction.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Virology
- Genetics
Background:
- Long Interspersed Element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) is the sole active autonomous retrotransposon in the human genome.
- L1 retrotransposons can activate innate immune responses against viral infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of enteroviral infection on L1 retrotransposon mobility.
- To identify specific enteroviral proteins that modulate L1 activity.
Main Methods:
- Infection of cells with enteroviruses EV-D68 and EV-A71.
- Screening of viral accessory proteins for their effect on L1 transposition.
- Analysis of L1 protein expression and reverse transcription.
Main Results:
- Enterovirus infection, specifically with EV-D68 and EV-A71, significantly inhibited L1 transposition.
- EV-D68 proteins 2A, 3A, and 3C, and EV-A71 ORF2p were identified as L1 inhibitors.
- Viral proteins suppressed L1 expression and interfered with L1 reverse transcription.
Conclusions:
- Enteroviruses exert strict control over L1 retrotransposon activity during replication.
- This modulation represents a novel mechanism of host-pathogen interaction impacting innate immunity.
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