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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity, and disease...
The Oral Microbiota01:27

The Oral Microbiota

The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
Gut-Brain Axis01:22

Gut-Brain Axis

The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such as...

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Related Experiment Video

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Association Between Oral Microbiota and Human Brain Glioma Grade: A Case-Control Study.

Yuqi Wen1,2, Le Feng3, Haorun Wang1,2

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|November 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Oral microbiota alterations are linked to glioma malignancy. Specific bacteria and their functions in saliva correlate with glioma grade and IDH1 mutation status, offering potential diagnostic insights.

Keywords:
gliomahuman cohortisocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutationmalignant gradeoral microbiota

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Gliomas are aggressive primary brain tumors lacking effective treatments.
  • Oral microbiota's role in cancer development is recognized, but its specific link to glioma malignancy is unclear.
  • Investigating oral microbial associations with glioma grade and IDH1 mutation is crucial for understanding tumor biology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the association between oral microbiota composition and glioma grade.
  • To identify oral microbial features linked to glioma malignancy.
  • To examine the relationship between oral microbial patterns and the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation in glioma.

Main Methods:

  • Case-control study involving high-grade glioma (HGG), low-grade glioma (LGG) patients, and healthy controls (HCs).
  • 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing of saliva samples to analyze oral microbiota.
  • Bioinformatic analysis for microbial diversity, abundance, and functional prediction.

Main Results:

  • Significant shifts in oral microbiota beta-diversity were observed in high-grade glioma patients (p=0.01).
  • Phylum Patescibacteria and genera Capnocytophaga and Leptotrichia were inversely associated with glioma grade.
  • Specific oral microbial features (Capnocytophaga, Porphyromonas, Haemophilus, Leptotrichia, TM7x) differentiated HGG from LGG and HCs (AUCs 0.63-0.79).
  • Microbial genes involved in cell adhesion, extracellular matrix interaction, focal adhesion, and actin cytoskeleton regulation were associated with glioma grades.
  • Lipid metabolism and AMPK signaling pathway genes were enriched in IDH1-mutant gliomas.

Conclusions:

  • Oral microbiota composition and function are associated with glioma malignancy.
  • Specific oral microbial signatures may serve as biomarkers for glioma grade and IDH1 mutation status.
  • Understanding these oral-microbiota-glioma interactions could pave the way for novel diagnostic or therapeutic strategies.