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[HIV infections and transfusions].

G Schaison, G Leverger, E Gluckman

    Nouvelle Revue Francaise D'Hematologie
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is linked to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission via blood products, particularly in hemophilia patients. Childhood cases of AIDS were observed following blood product administration, highlighting risks in leukemia and neuroblastoma patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Oncology
    • Hematology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevalence approaches 1% in hemophilia patients.
    • Abnormal immunoregulation is observed in 50% of severe hemophilia cases.
    • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), also known as LAV, is the identified etiologic agent transmitted through blood products.

    Observation:

    • Seven childhood cases of AIDS are reported following blood product administration.
    • Affected children included those with acute leukemia (5), metastatic neuroblastoma (1), and severe aplastic anemia (1).
    • Five of the seven patients remain alive, while two have succumbed to infections.

    Findings:

    • The study suggests that concurrent use of steroids or antineoplastic agents may increase AIDS incidence in HIV-infected individuals due to altered immune suppression.

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  • Maintenance treatment for these patients presents significant challenges.

    • Implications:

    • Widespread HIV serology screening of donated blood is crucial for preventing AIDS transmission, especially in vulnerable pediatric populations like those with leukemia.
    • This underscores the importance of blood safety protocols in managing hemophilia and other conditions requiring blood product transfusions.