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Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins01:03

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For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
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Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form...
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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
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Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
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Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

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In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
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Different monodentate and polydentate ligands are used as complexing agents in complexometric titration reactions. The formation of complexes by mono- and bidentate ligands involves two or more intermediate steps, limiting their use as complexing agents. In comparison, polydentate ligands can form complexes with metal ions in a single-step process, facilitating sharper end points. This means polydentate ligands, such as amino carboxylic acid derivatives, are most commonly employed in...
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Small DNAs that Bind Nickel(II) Specifically and Tightly.

Tianbin Xu1,2, Canyu Zhang1,2, Kai Xia1,2

  • 1Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.

Analytical Chemistry
|November 4, 2021
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Summary

Researchers discovered two small DNAs that selectively bind nickel ions (Ni2+), even under harsh conditions. These DNA nanosponges offer a novel approach for nickel enrichment and detection in wastewater.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nucleic Acid Chemistry
  • Environmental Sensing

Background:

  • Metal recognition by nucleic acids is a promising biosensing strategy.
  • Developing selective metal-binding nucleic acids is crucial for accurate detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discover and characterize novel DNA sequences for specific nickel ion (Ni2+) recognition.
  • To evaluate the performance of these DNA molecules under challenging environmental conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic screening and characterization of small DNA sequences for metal binding.
  • Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) to quantify binding affinity and stoichiometry.
  • Engineering DNA into nanosized particles for adsorption applications.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of two small DNAs (60-70 nucleotides) with high specificity for Ni2+, distinguishing it from cobalt (Co2+).
  • Demonstrated Ni2+ binding efficacy even in the presence of 8 M urea and 50 mM EDTA.
  • ITC analysis revealed a dissociation constant (KD) of 24.0 ± 4.5 μM and a 9:1 Ni2+:DNA stoichiometry.
  • Engineered DNA nanosponges effectively adsorbed Ni2+ from artificial wastewater.

Conclusions:

  • Novel DNA molecules capable of selective Ni2+ binding have been identified.
  • These DNA sequences function as effective nanosponges for nickel adsorption and detection.
  • The findings present a new molecular tool for nickel enrichment and sensing applications.