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Updated: Oct 14, 2025

$On-Chip Crystallization and Large-Scale Serial Diffraction at Room Temperature$

On-Chip Crystallization and Large-Scale Serial Diffraction at Room Temperature

Published on: March 11, 2022

Many-body-localized discrete time crystal with a programmable spin-based quantum simulator.

J Randall^1,2, C E Bradley^1,2, F V van der Gronden^1,2

¹QuTech, Delft University of Technology, PO Box 5046, 2600 GA Delft, Netherlands.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|November 4, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers observed a discrete time crystal (DTC), a novel phase of matter, using a quantum simulator. This breakthrough demonstrates robust time-crystalline order and opens new avenues for exploring many-body physics.

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Area of Science:

Quantum physics
Condensed matter physics
Many-body physics

Background:

Discrete time crystals (DTCs) represent a novel nonequilibrium phase of matter.
They spontaneously break time-translation symmetry.
Disorder-induced many-body localization is crucial for stabilizing DTCs by preventing thermalization.

Purpose of the Study:

To observe the hallmark signatures of a many-body–localized DTC.
To utilize a quantum simulation platform for studying this exotic phase.
To confirm the robustness and characteristics of time-crystalline order.

Main Methods:

Employed a quantum simulation platform utilizing individually controllable carbon-13 nuclear spins in diamond.
Demonstrated long-lived period-doubled oscillations.
Verified robustness of these oscillations for generic initial states.

Main Results:

Observed clear signatures of the many-body–localized discrete time crystal.
Confirmed characteristic time-crystalline order across the many-body spectrum.
Results align with the realization of an out-of-equilibrium Floquet phase.

Conclusions:

Successfully realized and observed a many-body–localized discrete time crystal.
Introduced a programmable solid-state spin quantum simulator for many-body physics research.
Paved the way for further exploration of nonequilibrium quantum phenomena.