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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 14, 2025

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression
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Functional gradient alteration in individuals with cognitive vulnerability to depression.

Junyi Wang1, Yinglu Zhou2, Jinhong Ding1

  • 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition and Department of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.

Journal of Psychiatric Research
|November 4, 2021
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Summary

Cognitive vulnerability to depression (CVD) shows altered brain connectome gradients, particularly in the left ventral insular gyrus, potentially preceding major depressive disorder (MDD) onset.

Keywords:
Cognitive vulnerabilityDepressionHierarchyPrincipal functional gradient

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Major depressive disorder (MDD) is linked to connectome gradient dysfunction.
  • It is unknown if these brain changes precede MDD onset.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate functional connectome gradients in individuals with cognitive vulnerability to depression (CVD).
  • To explore associations between gradient alterations and cognitive-behavioral factors in CVD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a novel resting-state functional connectivity (FC)-based gradient approach.
  • Compared principal functional gradients between individuals with CVD and healthy controls (HC).
  • Examined correlations between gradient alterations and cognitive-behavioral variables.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with CVD exhibited lower functional gradient scores in the left ventral insular gyrus compared to HC.
  • Left ventral insular gyrus gradient scores correlated with attentional control.
  • Scores were negatively associated with depression, expectation, and rumination scales.

Conclusions:

  • Altered principal functional gradients in CVD may serve as a biomarker for vulnerability to MDD.
  • These connectome changes might predate the clinical onset of depression.