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Pancreatitis in Children

Reuven Zev Cohen1, A Jay Freeman1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, 1400 Tullie Road Northeast, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|November 5, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric pancreatitis encompasses acute, recurrent, and chronic forms, necessitating tailored diagnostics and management. This review highlights endoscopic techniques and a multidisciplinary approach for improved pediatric pancreatitis care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology
  • Pancreatic Diseases in Children

Background:

  • Pediatric pancreatitis presents a complex spectrum, including acute pancreatitis, acute recurrent pancreatitis, and chronic pancreatitis.
  • Each form exhibits distinct clinical features and risk factors, demanding individualized diagnostic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of pediatric pancreatitis, focusing on diagnostic approaches and management.
  • To review the evolving role of therapeutic endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in pediatric cases.
  • To address diagnostic challenges in autoimmune pancreatitis and emphasize a multidisciplinary approach for recurrent and chronic pancreatitis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pediatric pancreatitis diagnosis and management.
  • Emphasis on age-specific, risk-factor-based, and complication-aware treatment strategies.
  • Discussion of advanced endoscopic imaging and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • Diagnostic and management strategies for pediatric pancreatitis vary significantly with age, risk factors, and disease progression.
  • Therapeutic endoscopy, EUS, and ERCP are increasingly vital tools in diagnosing and managing pediatric pancreatitis.
  • Differentiating autoimmune pancreatitis from other pancreaticobiliary conditions presents unique diagnostic challenges.

Conclusions:

  • A tailored, multidisciplinary approach is crucial for effectively managing pediatric pancreatitis.
  • Endoscopic modalities are integral to the modern diagnostic and therapeutic armamentarium for children with pancreatitis.
  • Further research into autoimmune pancreatitis in children is warranted to refine diagnostic and treatment protocols.

Keywords:
Acute recurrentExocrine insufficiencyPediatric pancreatitis

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