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Hepatitis C: Current State of Treatment in Children

Sanu R Yadav1, Deborah A Goldman1, Karen F Murray2

  • 1Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, 8950 Euclid Avenue, R3, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|November 5, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis C is increasing in children, but new direct-acting antiviral drugs offer a safe and effective cure for children aged 3 and older. Early screening and treatment are crucial for reducing disease burden and achieving global elimination.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Hepatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in children is rising, primarily through perinatal transmission and adolescent high-risk behaviors.
  • Underdiagnosis is common due to insufficient screening in high-risk pediatric populations.
  • Recent advancements in antiviral therapies have transformed HCV treatment paradigms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of pediatric Hepatitis C.
  • To highlight the efficacy and safety of new direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatments.
  • To emphasize the importance of early screening and treatment for disease control and elimination.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on pediatric Hepatitis C epidemiology, transmission, and treatment.
  • Analysis of data on the effectiveness and safety of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens.
  • Evaluation of the cost-effectiveness of early screening and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) combinations demonstrate high efficacy (>90% sustained viral suppression) and safety in children aged 3 years and older.
  • FDA-approved DAAs offer a curative option for pediatric HCV.
  • Early detection and treatment are associated with reduced disease burden and complications.

Conclusions:

  • Global elimination of Hepatitis C is achievable with current treatment options.
  • Implementing efficient screening protocols and early treatment initiation in children is vital.
  • Timely intervention is cost-effective and essential for mitigating long-term health consequences of pediatric HCV.

Keywords:
DiagnosisDirect-acting antiviralsHCVHepatitis CScreeningTreatment

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