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Healthcare Considerations for Special Populations during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review
Jeung-Im Kim1, YeoJin Im2, Ju-Eun Song3
1School of Nursing, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea.
Insights
This study reviews COVID-19 care for special populations, including children, pregnant women, and older adults. It summarizes vaccination guidance and highlights the need for more research on variants to reduce pandemic spread.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a significant threat to global health.
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection affects all age groups, with varying clinical presentations.
- Special populations, including children, pregnant/lactating women, and older adults, have unique healthcare needs during pandemics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe healthcare considerations for special populations during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- To review current knowledge on care for newborns, school-aged children, pregnant women, and older adults.
- To summarize vaccination guidance and discuss challenges faced by these groups.
Main Methods:
- A review of practice guidelines and qualified studies was conducted.
- Public documents and published research (online/offline) were analyzed.
- Information was synthesized to address care for specific demographic groups.
Main Results:
- Current knowledge on care for newborns, children, pregnant women (antenatal to postpartum), and high-risk older adults was identified.
- Vaccination guidance for special populations was summarized.
- Key issues affecting these populations during the pandemic were discussed.
Conclusions:
- Knowledge on special population care aids nurses in providing accurate COVID-19 vaccination information.
- Effective vaccination strategies are crucial for preventing infection and protecting vulnerable groups.
- Further research on COVID-19 variants is needed to mitigate pandemic spread.
Abstract:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a threat to human health and public safety. People of all ages are susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. However, the clinical manifestations of this infection differ by age. This study purposes to describe healthcare considerations for special populations, such as children, pregnant and lactating women, and older adults, who may have unique healthcare needs, in the pandemic situation. To realize the research purpose, we conducted a review of the practice guidelines of public documents and qualified studies that were published online/offline during a specific period. The review identified current knowledge on care for newborns, children in schools, pregnant women (from antenatal to postpartum care), and older adults suffering from high-risk conditions. Subsequently, we summarize vaccination guidance for special populations and, finally, discuss the issues currently affecting special populations. Therefore, this current knowledge on care for special populations helps nurses to provide accurate information on vaccinations aimed at preventing COVID-19 and protecting the masses from infection. Currently, the scarcity of information on COVID-19 variants necessitates further research on measures to reduce pandemic spread.
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