How Stable Ischemic Heart Disease Leads to Acute Coronary Syndrome in COVID-19?
Melika Shafeghat1, Arya Aminorroaya2, Nima Rezaei3
1. melika.shafeghaat@gmail.com.
Insights
The COVID-19 pandemic may accelerate stable coronary artery disease (CAD) progression to acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Increased attention and adherence to public health guidelines are crucial for high-risk cardiovascular patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic has been linked to increased mortality in patients with cardiovascular diseases.
- SARS-CoV-2 infection can directly cause myocardial injury, indicating a complex interplay between the virus and the heart.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the potential role of COVID-19 in the advancement of stable coronary artery disease (CAD) to acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
- To highlight the implications for cardiac arrest rates and ACS fatality during the pandemic.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease interactions.
- Analysis of proposed pathophysiological mechanisms linking SARS-CoV-2 infection to CAD progression.
Main Results:
- COVID-19 may exacerbate stable CAD, potentially leading to ACS.
- Key mechanisms include systemic inflammation, cytokine release, plaque instability, thrombosis, T-cell dysregulation, and arrhythmias.
Conclusions:
- COVID-19 patients with stable CAD require vigilant monitoring to prevent progression to ACS.
- Adherence to World Health Organization protocols is essential to mitigate virus transmission and protect vulnerable cardiovascular populations.
Abstract:
Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the increased mortality risk of patients with underlying cardiovascular diseases and COVID-19 was raised. Besides, coronavirus itself enhances the incidence of myocardial injury, which suggests a two-sided relation. We aimed to discuss the role of COVID-19 in the progression of stable coronary artery disease (CAD) to acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which might lead to a greater rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and a higher fatality rate of ACS during the pandemic. We briefly reviewed several mechanisms in this regard: Systemic inflammation and cytokine release in critical patients; Plaque rupture and coronary thrombosis; Dysregulation of cytotoxic T-cell lymphocytes; Malignant ventricular arrhythmias. We reinforce applying more attention to COVID-19 patients with stable CAD during follow-up to prevent progression to ACS. These individuals should seriously observe World Health Organization protocols to avoid virus transmission by carriers.
More Related Videos
06:39Intracoronary Acetylcholine Provocation Testing for Assessment of Coronary Vasomotor Disorders
Published on: August 18, 2016
05:41Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Ligation for Ischemia-Reperfusion Research: Model Improvement via Technical Modifications and Quality Control
Published on: December 16, 2022
Related Concept Videos
01:30Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction
01:19Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations
01:30Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies
01:28Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care
01:26Acute Coronary Syndrome V: Nursing Management
01:17Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and...