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A Structured Rehabilitation Protocol for Improved Multifunctional Prosthetic Control: A Case Study
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Dynamic evaluation of THA components by Prosthesis Impingement Software (PIS).

Matteo Giachino1, Alessandro Aprato2, Tullio Andrea Revetria3

  • 1a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:21:"Università di Torino";}. matteogiachino@hotmail.com.

Acta Bio-Medica : Atenei Parmensis
|November 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A new software tool, the Prosthesis Impingement Simulator (PIS), effectively identifies mechanical impingement in total hip arthroplasties (THA), aiding surgeons in diagnosing dislocation causes.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Implant dislocation is a frequent complication after total hip arthroplasty (THA).
  • Conventional imaging often fails to identify mechanical causes of dislocation due to lack of dynamic evaluation.
  • Component malpositioning is a key factor contributing to THA dislocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a diagnostic tool for virtual assessment of range of movement (ROM) in THA.
  • To evaluate the potential for anterior and/or superior mechanical impingement in THA.
  • To enable surgeons to quantify the mechanical contribution to THA dislocations.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of patients with THA revision for dislocation versus non-dislocating THA.
  • Utilized CT scans and virtual models for each patient.
  • Developed and applied the Prosthesis Impingement Simulator (PIS) software to simulate prosthetic hip ROM and compare impingement-free ROM between groups.

Main Results:

  • The PIS test demonstrated a sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 85.7% in detecting dislocations.
  • Statistical analysis showed significant differences between the groups (Fisher's exact test p=0.02, Chi-square test p=0.009).

Conclusions:

  • The Prosthesis Impingement Simulator (PIS) shows promise as an effective tool for identifying prosthetic hip impingement.
  • The software aids in excluding mechanical causes of THA dislocation.
  • PIS can assist surgeons in diagnosing the etiology of THA dislocations.