Grafted bone remodeling following transcrestal sinus floor elevation: A cone-beam computed tomography study

Area of Science:

• Dental implantology
• Bone regeneration
• Maxillofacial surgery

Background:

• Transcrestal sinus floor elevation is a key procedure for maxillary implant placement requiring bone augmentation.
• Grafted bone remodeling can impact dimensional stability due to factors like graft material and sinus anatomy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate bone graft height reduction (GHR) after transcrestal sinus floor elevation with synthetic biphasic calcium phosphate.
• To identify clinical factors influencing GHR, including implant protrusion (IP) and grafted space morphology.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 25 patients undergoing transcrestal sinus floor elevation and single implant placement.
• Measurement of GHR using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) after 6-8 months.
• Spearman's correlation test to analyze relationships between GHR and factors like IP, vertical elevation height (VEH), and grafted space dimensions.

Main Results:

• The mean GHR was 0.57 ± 0.49 mm.
• GHR showed a positive correlation with IP, VEH, and the ratio of vertical to horizontal elevation of the grafted space.
• No significant correlation was found between GHR and sinus width or other grafted space width measurements.

Conclusions:

• Synthetic biphasic calcium phosphate grafts in transcrestal sinus floor elevation exhibit shrinkage and remodeling.
• Grafted height reduction is associated with implant protrusion and the geometric characteristics of the elevated sinus space.