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Related Experiment Video

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Associations between smoking and accelerated brain ageing.

Zeqiang Linli1, Jianfeng Feng2, Wei Zhao1

  • 1MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, PR China; Key Laboratory of Applied Statistics and Data Science, Hunan Normal University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha 410006, PR China.

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Smoking accelerates brain aging, with active smokers showing a significantly larger brain age gap. Quitting smoking can reduce this gap, suggesting a link between smoking, brain aging, and cognitive function.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Smoking is a known risk factor for accelerated aging across multiple organs.
  • The specific impact of smoking and smoking cessation on brain aging remains less quantified.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for public health initiatives against smoking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the association between smoking parameters and brain age.
  • To investigate the relationship between smoking, brain age gap, and cognitive function.
  • To explore the mediating role of brain age in the smoking-cognition link.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized structural magnetic resonance imaging data from the UK Biobank (n=33,293).
  • Trained a machine learning-based brain age predictor on non-smokers and tested it on smokers.
  • Analyzed the BrainAge Gap (predicted age - true age) in relation to smoking status, intensity, and cessation duration.

Main Results:

  • Smokers exhibited a larger average BrainAge Gap (+0.304 years) compared to non-smokers.
  • Active regular smokers showed the most significant increase in BrainAge Gap (+1.190 years).
  • Increased smoking amount correlated with a larger BrainAge Gap, while longer cessation duration correlated with a smaller gap. Smoking was also linked to poorer cognition, partially mediated by the BrainAge Gap.

Conclusions:

  • Smoking significantly accelerates brain aging, with effects varying by smoking intensity and duration.
  • Smoking cessation is associated with a reduction in brain age gap, highlighting potential for recovery.
  • The findings underscore the detrimental effects of smoking on brain health and cognition, supporting anti-smoking campaigns.