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Secular trends in early motor development between 1980 and 2010 in Japan
Keisuke Yoshii1, Nobuaki Michihata2, Kyoko Hirasawa3
1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan yoshii-k@ncchd.go.jp.
Archives of Disease in Childhood
|November 6, 2021
Summary
Gross motor milestone attainment in Japanese children declined between 1990 and 2010. This trend in sitting, standing, and walking development was observed despite changes in birth characteristics, indicating a potential concern for child development.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Developmental Biology
- Public Health
Background:
- Recent changes in birth characteristics in Japan may impact child development.
- Investigating secular trends in gross motor milestones is crucial for understanding developmental trajectories.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate secular trends in gross motor milestones in Japanese children.
- To assess changes in the attainment of rolling over, sitting, standing, and walking between 1990 and 2010.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from a Japanese nationwide serial cross-sectional survey (1980-2010).
- Included 20,570 children aged 2-18 months across four surveys.
- Assessed gross motor milestones (rolling, sitting, standing, walking) and used multivariate logistic regression.
Main Results:
- The attainment rates of sitting, standing, and walking were higher in 1990 compared to 2010.
- Adjusted odds ratios showed significant differences in milestone attainment between the years.
- The proportion of children achieving sitting, standing, and walking by target ages decreased from 1990 to 2010.
Conclusions:
- A decline in the proportion of children achieving key motor milestones was observed between 1990 and 2010.
- Changes in birth characteristics did not fully explain this decrease in motor milestone attainment.
- Further research is needed to understand the factors contributing to this developmental trend.
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