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Published on: January 28, 2020
Investigation of Specific Proteins Related to Different Types of Coronary Atherosclerosis
Heyu Meng1, Jianjun Ruan1, Yanqiu Chen1
1Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Genetic Diagnosis (Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Endothelial Function and Genetic Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Molecular Biology Research Center for Precision Medicine of Major Cardiovascular Disease, Jilin Provincial Cardiovascular Research Institute), Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Insights
This study identified six lipid metabolism proteins (ALB, SHBG, APOC2, APOC3, APOC4, SAA4) as potential diagnostic markers for atherosclerosis. These protein changes improve the accuracy of diagnosing coronary heart disease, aiding in timely treatment.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Proteomics
- Cardiovascular Disease Research
Background:
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) diagnosis is challenging due to complex genetic and environmental interactions.
- Atherosclerosis, encompassing stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), requires accurate and timely diagnosis for effective management.
- Identifying specific protein biomarkers is crucial for differentiating atherosclerosis subtypes and guiding treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify specific protein markers for the differential diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis.
- To investigate the role of lipid metabolism-associated proteins in atherosclerosis.
- To validate potential protein biomarkers using parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.
Main Methods:
- Tandem mass tag (TMT) mass spectrometry was used to analyze proteins in 30 male patients (45-55 years) with atherosclerosis, excluding those with hypertension or diabetes.
- Mufuzz analysis identified target proteins, with a focus on those related to lipid metabolism.
- Parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) and random forest ROC analysis were employed for verification and diagnostic accuracy assessment.
Main Results:
- 1,147 proteins were identified, with 907 quantifiable via TMT mass spectrometry.
- Six proteins (ALB, SHBG, APOC2, APOC3, APOC4, SAA4) involved in lipid metabolism were selected and verified through PRM.
- The identified proteins showed specific changes indicative of atherosclerosis.
Conclusions:
- The study successfully identified six specific proteins related to lipid metabolism as potential diagnostic markers for atherosclerosis.
- These protein biomarkers offer improved accuracy in diagnosing atherosclerosis, particularly in distinguishing between different disease presentations.
- The findings contribute to the development of precise diagnostic tools for cardiovascular diseases, facilitating personalized treatment approaches.
Abstract:
Objective: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a complex disease caused by multifaceted interaction between genetic and environmental factors, which makes identification of the most likely disease candidate proteins and their associated risk markers a big challenge. Atherosclerosis is presented by a broad spectrum of heart diseases, including stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which is the progressive stage of SCAD. As such, the correct and prompt diagnosis of atherosclerosis turns into imperative for precise and prompt disease diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Methods: The current work aims to look for specific protein markers for differential diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis. Thirty male patients between 45 and 55 years diagnosed with atherosclerosis were analyzed by tandem mass tag (TMT) mass spectrometry. The study excluded those who were additionally diagnosed with hypertension and type 1 and 2 diabetes. The Mufuzz analysis was applied to select target proteins for precise and prompt diagnosis of atherosclerosis, most of which were most related to high lipid metabolism. The parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) was used to verify the selected target proteins. Finally, The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was calculated by a random forest experiment. Results: One thousand one hundred and forty seven proteins were identified in the TMT mass spectrometry, 907 of which were quantifiable. In the PRM study, six proteins related to lipid metabolism pathway were selected for verification and they were ALB, SHBG, APOC2, APOC3, APOC4, SAA4. Conclusion: Through the detected specific changes in these six proteins, our results provide accuracy in atherosclerosis patients' diagnosis, especially in cases with varying types of the disease.
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