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Related Concept Videos

Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

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The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....
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RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

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RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
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Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

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The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
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Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing01:05

Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing

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In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
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Sanger Sequencing01:57

Sanger Sequencing

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DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
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Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

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The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
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T and B Cell Receptor Immune Repertoire Analysis using Next-generation Sequencing
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T and B Cell Receptor Immune Repertoire Analysis using Next-generation Sequencing

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What sequencing technologies can teach us about innate immunity.

Mays Mohammed Salih1, Susan Carpenter1

  • 1Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA.

Immunological Reviews
|November 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Whole-genome sequencing, like RNA-sequencing, offers a systems-level view of cellular responses, moving beyond single-gene studies to reveal complex immune system dynamics.

Keywords:
CRISPRRNA modificationsinnate immunitylong non-coding RNAslong-read sequencingnext-generation sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Traditional gene regulation studies used a reductionist, single-gene approach.
  • This method is laborious and limits understanding of complex, coordinated responses like immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current RNA-sequencing technologies.
  • To discuss how these technologies enhance understanding of the innate immune system.

Main Methods:

  • Review of whole-genome techniques, specifically RNA-sequencing.
  • Analysis of system-level data including gene expression and splicing changes.

Main Results:

  • Whole-genome techniques provide a global view of cellular events during immune responses.
  • RNA-sequencing reveals unprecedented insights into innate immunity.

Conclusions:

  • RNA-sequencing is revolutionizing the study of gene regulation in complex biological systems.
  • A systems-level approach is crucial for understanding the innate immune system.