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Disseminated tuberculosis with myelofibrosis presentation: a case report
Mahdi Khatuni1, Marziyeh Ghalamkari2, Fereshteh Ameli3
1Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Journal of Medical Case Reports
|November 9, 2021
Summary
Primary myelofibrosis can be mistaken for disseminated tuberculosis. This case highlights the importance of considering tuberculosis as a cause of bone marrow fibrosis, especially in endemic regions.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pathology
Background:
- Primary myelofibrosis is a rare myeloproliferative neoplasm affecting middle-aged and older adults.
- Distinguishing primary myelofibrosis from secondary causes of bone marrow fibrosis is crucial as treatments differ based on etiology.
- Reactive fibrosis necessitates identifying and treating the underlying cause.
Observation:
- A middle-aged Iranian man was initially diagnosed and treated for primary myelofibrosis.
- The patient's condition was later re-evaluated and diagnosed as disseminated tuberculosis.
- Bone marrow fibrosis was identified as reactive to the disseminated tuberculosis.
Findings:
- Disseminated tuberculosis can mimic primary myelofibrosis.
- Reactive bone marrow fibrosis is a key feature in this presentation.
- Accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate patient management.
Implications:
- Clinicians should consider tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of myelofibrosis, particularly in tuberculosis-endemic areas.
- Evaluating for underlying etiologies, such as infections, is critical for patients presenting with myelofibrosis.
- This case underscores the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach to bone marrow fibrosis.
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