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Exome array identifies functional exonic biomarkers for pediatric dental caries
J Francis Borgio1, Hind Saleh Alsuwat1, Widyan Alamoudi2
1Department of Genetic Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Computers in Biology and Medicine
|November 9, 2021
Summary
Genetic factors significantly influence pediatric dental caries in Arab children. Specific gene variants like GRIN2B and CFH, along with lifestyle, are key indicators for early diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Pediatric dental caries is prevalent in Arab children.
- The genetic basis and molecular mechanisms underlying caries development require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify genetic predispositions for dental caries in Saudi children with a high Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study analyzed 243,345 functional exonic variants in 111 Arab children (76 cases with dmft>5, 35 controls with dmft=0).
- Statistical analysis included Bonferroni correction to assess associations between genetic variants and caries prevalence.
Main Results:
- Significant associations were found between pediatric caries and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GRIN2B-rs4764039C and CFH-rs1065489G.
- Irregular tooth brushing and dental visits also showed significant associations with caries.
- Functional enrichment analysis linked significant genes to calcium-activated chloride channels, Staphylococcus aureus infection, and N-linked glycosylation.
Conclusions:
- Genetic predispositions are significantly linked to the high prevalence of pediatric dental caries, highlighting a multigene-environment interaction.
- Identified functional exonic variants may serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis of pediatric dental caries in Arab populations.
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