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Comparing information diffusion mechanisms by matching on cascade size.

Jonas L Juul1, Johan Ugander2

  • 1Center for Applied Mathematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853; jjuul@cornell.edu jugander@stanford.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|November 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Information cascades spread differently based on content type. Controlling for cascade size reveals that true- and false-news diffusion mechanisms are similar, differing mainly in spread rate.

Keywords:
information diffusionmisinformationnetwork analysissocial media

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Area of Science:

  • Information diffusion
  • Network science
  • Computational social science

Background:

  • Information cascades are studied by analyzing structural properties like reach, depth, and speed.
  • Comparing these properties across different content types is challenging due to interdependencies.
  • Previous studies reported content-specific differences in cascade topology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the essentiality of controlling for cascade size when comparing structural differences between information cascades.
  • To re-examine findings from notable studies on online diffusion of true/false news and various media types.
  • To understand how cascade size influences observed structural properties in different diffusion models.

Main Methods:

  • Revisiting datasets of Twitter cascades for true/false news and multimedia content (videos, pictures, news, petitions).
  • Employing statistical methods that control for joint cascade statistics and cascade size.
  • Analyzing classical diffusion models to identify conditions where structural differences reduce to size differences.

Main Results:

  • For true- and false-news cascades, structural differences were largely explained by false-news cascades being larger.
  • For videos, images, news, and petitions, structural differences persisted even after controlling for cascade size.
  • Diffusion models show that structural property differences may or may not be reducible to size differences.

Conclusions:

  • The underlying mechanisms of true- and false-news diffusion are likely similar, with differences primarily in spread rate.
  • Cascade size is a critical factor to control for when comparing structural properties of information diffusion.
  • Content type influences cascade structure, with some differences persisting independently of cascade size.