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Updated: Oct 14, 2025

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Spinal Surgery
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Intraoperative imaging in pathology-assisted surgery.

Floris J Voskuil1,2, Jasper Vonk1, Bert van der Vegt2

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Nature Biomedical Engineering
|November 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Intraoperative pathology imaging techniques improve surgical outcomes by reducing positive resection margins. These methods aid real-time decision-making, potentially decreasing the need for further surgeries and treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Surgical Pathology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Pathological assessment of surgical specimens during surgery is crucial for minimizing positive resection margins.
  • Positive margins often necessitate additional surgeries or aggressive treatments, negatively impacting patient outcomes.
  • Current intraoperative tissue analysis methods are being enhanced by advanced imaging technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current clinical standards for intraoperative tissue analysis.
  • To discuss the implementation of various intraoperative imaging techniques for freshly excised tissue.
  • To explore the potential of intraoperative pathology-assisted surgery in clinical decision-making.

Main Methods:

  • Spectroscopic, fluorescence-based, structural, optoacoustic, and radiological imaging techniques are under investigation.

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  • These techniques are applied to freshly excised tissue for real-time pathological assessment.
  • The choice of imaging modality depends on clinical setting, tumor type, and desired parameters like specificity, resolution, speed, and depth.

    • Main Results:

    • Intraoperative imaging aims to detect endogenous or exogenous contrast agents for tumor identification.
    • Prioritization of parameters such as tumor specificity, image resolution, acquisition times, and penetration depth is critical.
    • Successful implementation can lead to immediate feedback for surgeons, guiding resection margins.

    Conclusions:

    • Intraoperative imaging holds significant promise for improving surgical pathology and patient outcomes.
    • The integration of these technologies can enhance real-time surgical decision-making.
    • Further development and implementation of intraoperative pathology-assisted surgery are expected to refine cancer treatment strategies.