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Updated: Oct 14, 2025
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Exosomes in Lipopolysaccharide-induced Septic Lung Injury
Published on: May 21, 2018
Exosomal miR-150 partially attenuated acute lung injury by mediating microvascular endothelial cells and MAPK pathway
Jiaxin Xu1, Dan Xu1, Zhizhong Yu1
1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
Background:
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a respiratory disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. Currently, there is no effective treatment to complement mechanical ventilation. Exosomes and microRNAs (miRNAs) are promising agents for the management of this disease.
Methods:
Exosomes were isolated from mouse bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs). The levels of two miRNAs, miR-542-3P and miR-150, in exosomes were determined using RT-PCR, and miR-150 was selected for further study. ALI model was established in mice using lipopolysaccharides, and then, they were treated with saline, exosomes, miRNA agomirs, or miRNA antagomirs. The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β and the number of neutrophils and macrophages in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured. The wet/dry weight ratio of the lung tissue was calculated, and tissue pathology and apoptosis were observed using hematoxylin and eosin and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling staining. CD34 and VE-cadherin expression was detected using immunofluorescence. Proteins associated with apoptosis and MAPK signaling were detected using Western blotting, and miR-150 expression in lung tissue was evaluated using RT-PCR.
Results:
We successfully isolated BMSCs and exosomes and showed that the level of miR-150 was significantly higher than that of miR-542-3p. Exosomes and miR-150 reduced inflammation and lung edema while maintaining the integrity of the alveolar structure. They also mitigated microvascular endothelial cell injury by regulating the caspase-3, Bax/Bcl-2, and MAPK signaling.
Conclusions:
Exosomal miR-150 attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced ALI through the MAPK pathway.
Insights
Exosomes carrying microRNA-150 (miRNA-150) show potential in treating acute lung injury (ALI). This study demonstrates that exosomal miRNA-150 reduces inflammation and lung damage by targeting the MAPK pathway.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical research
- Stem cell biology
- Molecular medicine
Background:
- Acute lung injury (ALI) presents significant morbidity and mortality.
- Current treatments for ALI are limited, often relying solely on mechanical ventilation.
- Exosomes and microRNAs (miRNAs) offer promising therapeutic avenues for ALI management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the therapeutic potential of exosomes derived from bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) in a mouse model of ALI.
- To identify and evaluate the role of specific miRNAs, particularly miR-150, within these exosomes for ALI treatment.
Main Methods:
- Isolation of exosomes from BMSCs and quantification of miRNA content (miR-542-3p and miR-150).
- Establishment of an LPS-induced ALI mouse model and treatment with exosomes or miR-150 modulators.
- Assessment of inflammatory markers, lung edema, tissue damage, apoptosis, and signaling pathways (MAPK).
Main Results:
- Exosomes derived from BMSCs were successfully isolated and found to be enriched in miR-150.
- Treatment with exosomes and miR-150 significantly reduced lung inflammation, edema, and preserved alveolar structure.
- Exosomal miR-150 mitigated microvascular endothelial cell injury by modulating caspase-3, Bax/Bcl-2, and MAPK signaling pathways.
Conclusions:
- Exosomal miR-150 demonstrates significant therapeutic efficacy in attenuating lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury.
- The therapeutic effects are mediated through the regulation of the MAPK signaling pathway.
- This study highlights exosomal miR-150 as a potential novel therapeutic agent for ALI.
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