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Novel phase distributions for large electronically beam-scanning reflectarrays.

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This study introduces a hybrid genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization (GAPSO) to optimize phase distribution in beam-scanning reflectarrays. The novel approach enhances electronic beam scanning capabilities for reflectarray antennas.

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Area of Science:

  • Electromagnetics and Antennas
  • Computational Intelligence
  • Microwave Engineering

Background:

  • Reflectarray antennas are crucial for electronic beam scanning.
  • Optimizing phase distribution (PD) is key to achieving efficient beam steering.
  • Existing optimization methods have limitations in complex antenna designs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a hybrid genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization (GAPSO) for optimizing reflectarray phase distribution.
  • To propose and analyze two novel phase distribution strategies for enhanced beam scanning.
  • To demonstrate the effectiveness of the GAPSO algorithm and novel PDs in electronic beam steering.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a hybrid genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization (GAPSO) for phase distribution optimization.
  • Development of two novel phase distribution (PD) schemes utilizing constant phase elements (CPEs) and ordinary elements (OEs).
  • Application of GAPSO and novel PDs to a 30x30 reflectarray antenna for electronic beam scanning in the vertical plane (-40° to 40°).

Main Results:

  • The hybrid GAPSO algorithm effectively optimizes phase distribution for beam-scanning reflectarrays.
  • Two novel PDs were proposed, with CPEs constituting 28.8% of total elements.
  • The first novel PD allowed adjustment of 71.2% of elements, while the second, incorporating phase symmetry, adjusted 35.5% for beam scanning.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed novel phase distributions and the hybrid GAPSO algorithm demonstrate suitable performance for electronic beam scanning in reflectarrays.
  • The GAPSO approach effectively addresses limitations of conventional optimization algorithms.
  • The study validates the potential of optimized PDs for advanced reflectarray antenna functionalities.